《首尔之春》——韩国民主化进程中的风云录（一）
今天聊一聊一部韩国电影，其实看了有一段时间了，不过一直都有其他想说的话题。这部影片讲的是韩国从七十年代到八十年代末，韩国民主化进程中的一个重要转折。也就是全头焕发动政变，夺取了政权故事，应该是接在几年前的一部韩国电影《南山的部长们》之后的后传。在那部电影中为军人总统朴正熙，鞍前马后干了一辈子脏活的情告头子金载圭，因为不满自己的主子宠幸佞臣小人。然后也多少有些良心发现不愿再替主子干暴力镇压民众反抗的脏活，而发动政变刺杀了朴振熙。
《首尔之春》这部影片就是紧接着这一事件。朴正熙死后，临时政府顺迅速成立调查机构，任命全斗焕（当时仅是一个少将）负责调查刺杀朴正熙的案件。而全斗焕也利用负责调查组的时机积极扩权，以参与政变为由打击异己。这引起了军方高层参谋总长的疑虑，于是他将为人正直不参与政治的男主任命为首尔保安司令。另一方面，为排除隐患，想要将全斗焕在结案之后调离首尔去偏僻了海岛驻防。不过这件事走漏了消息，被后来也当过军人独裁总统的卢泰禹告知了全斗焕，于是全斗焕决心利用他在军中建立的一心会发动政变，夺取政权。
在他对部下讲述这一计划的时候，为了鼓励政变参与者喊出了本片的经典台词，行动失败了，就是叛乱；成功了，就是革命。这句他其实可以说是经典名言成王败寇的翻版，道出了权力斗争真实的一面。说得简单，但是政变要想成功，必须要占天时地利人和，最起码得有周密的计划，全斗焕的计划就是一面以参与刺杀朴正熙为由绑架要剥夺他权力的上级参谋总长，为了将绑架合法化为逮捕，在同一时间他亲自向代理总统请求签发逮捕令。然后调由自己亲信控制的空降部队，进入首尔控制关键政府部门。但过计划往往都是很难如愿的。一方面绑架上级的行动小组。在抓捕的时候，与海军陆战队发生了枪战，于是行动暴露。担任首都保安司令的男主已经获悉了全斗焕发动政变的行径。而另一方面，全斗焕亲自前往代总统处要求签发逮捕令。虽然代总统知道自己是个橡皮图章，但是还是有几分文人的气节，坚持要按程序办，必须有国防部长的意见。他才会签字。
这个时候全斗焕的计划几乎就像筛子一样，全是漏洞，随时可能流产，自己被当作反贼镇压。而男主这边已经行动起来，准备在他离开总理府的时候将他逮捕，但是陆军部的官僚们却是一帮猪队友。关键时候坚决反对逮捕全斗焕，非要等参某总长的命令。此时参谋总长已经被全斗焕抓在手里的成为了人质，怎么可能发得出命令？于是全斗焕死里逃生回到了他的指挥部。既然合法的获得逮捕令，发动政变不成，他就决定来硬的。调动亲信掌控的空降部队，也就是韩国人称的空输部队进入首尔。男主尽管被猪队友掣肘，也在积极行动，想调动部队在全斗焕的部队之前进入首尔控制关键部门，为了尽可能的拖延时间。他亲自一个人前往部队进城必经的桥头上阻挡，说服这个政变的部队返回，不要参加叛乱。
Today to talk about a Korean movie, in fact, I have watched for a while, but there are always other topics I want to talk about. This film is about South Korea from the 1970s to the end of the 1980s, a major turning point in the democratization of South Korea. That is, the story of a coup d 'etat and seizure of power should be followed by a Korean film "Ministers of Namsan" a few years ago. In that movie for the military president Park Chung-hee, after a lifetime of dirty work in front of the saddle after the love chief Kim Jae-kyu, because dissatisfied with his master's favor. Then some conscience found that they were no longer willing to do the dirty work of violently suppressing popular resistance for their master, and launched a coup d 'etat to assassinate Park Jin-hee.
The film "Seoul Spring" follows this incident. After Park Chung-hee's death, the provisional government quickly set up an investigative body and appointed Chun Doo-hwan (then a mere major general) to oversee the investigation of Park Chung-hee's assassination. Chun Doo-hwan also used the opportunity to take charge of the investigation team to actively expand his power and crack down on opponents on the grounds of participating in the coup. This aroused the suspicion of the senior military chief of Staff, who appointed a male director who was honest and did not participate in politics as the Seoul security commander. On the other hand, in order to eliminate hidden dangers, want to transfer Chun Doo-hwan from Seoul to the remote island garrison after the conclusion of the case. However, the news leaked out and was later informed by Roh Tae-woo, who also served as a military dictatorship president, and Chun Doo-hwan was determined to use the uni-society he had established in the military to stage a coup and seize power.
When he told his men about the plan, he shouted the film's classic line to encourage the coup participants. The operation failed, it was rebellion; Success is revolution. This sentence can actually be said to be a copy of the classic famous saying, which tells the real side of the power struggle. It is simple to say, but for a coup to succeed, you must be in the right place at the right time and at least have a thorough plan. Chun Doo-hwan's plan was to kidnap the chief of staff to deprive him of power on the grounds that he was involved in the assassination of Park Chung-hee. In order to legalize the kidnapping as an arrest, he personally requested the acting president to issue an arrest warrant at the same time. He then sent airborne troops controlled by his cronies into Seoul to take control of key government ministries. But plans are often difficult to achieve. On the one hand, kidnap a superior task force. During the capture, a gun battle broke out with the Marines and the operation was exposed. The man in charge of security in the capital had been informed of the coup attempt. Chun Doo-hwan, on the other hand, personally went to the acting president's office to ask for an arrest warrant. Although the acting president knows that he is a rubber stamp, he still has a bit of civilian integrity and insists that procedures must be followed and the defense minister must be consulted. He's gonna sign it.
At this time, Chun Doo-hwan's plan is almost like a sieve, all loopholes, may abort at any time, and he is suppressed as an anti-thief. The men had moved to arrest him when he left the chancellery, but the bureaucrats of the War Office were a bunch of pigs. The key time firmly opposed to the arrest of Chun Doo-huan, must wait for the general secretary's order. At this time the chief of staff has been caught in the hands of Chun Doo-hwan become a hostage, how can be issued an order? Chun Doo-hwan escaped death and returned to his headquarters. Having legally obtained an arrest warrant and failed to stage a coup, he decided to do it the hard way. Move airborne units controlled by close associates, known in South Korea as air transport units, into Seoul. Although the male master is hampered by pig teammates, he is also actively acting to mobilize troops before Chun Doo-hwan's troops into Seoul to control key departments, in order to delay time as much as possible. He personally went to the bridge where the troops entered the city and blocked it, convincing the coup forces to return and not to participate in the rebellion.